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Movements within non-breeding grounds in terrestrial migratory birds
Kadlecová, Barbora ; Brlík, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Remeš, Vladimír (referee)
In recent years, the ecology of migratory birds has been a frequently studied subject especially due to modern tracking technologies. However, facts about behaviour of migratory birds on wintering areas are still limited. This thesis gathers information about movements within non-breeding grounds and stationary behaviour of terrestrial birds on wintering areas and about reasons of the movements. The majority of described movements occurred in Africa and South America and they were usually made by insectivorous songbirds. Majority of published data describes long-distance movements above 100 km. The most discussed factor of the movements was an availability of food which is affected by vegetation and the seasonal weather. Apart from the environmental factors I considered inner factors too, e. g. age or sex of birds. I also proposed some additional factors as a potential cause of movements within non-breeding grounds. The information about movements on wintering areas could serve as ground for further research of the behaviour of birds on wintering grounds, the influence of environmental conditions on the ecology of migratory birds and the information could also improve the protection of migratory birds.
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Environmental grief among the students of the Faculty of Education at the Charles University
Fleischmannová, Světlana ; Thorovská, Alena (advisor) ; Zvírotský, Michal (referee)
Environmental grief among students of the Faculty of Education at the Charles University The abstract of the bachelot thesis This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of the environmental grief, which is a complex of emotions that can be caused by environmental changes and issues connected to them. The theoretical part aims to define and summarize this phenomenon, which can be traced already in the 1970's literature and has recently become a frequently discussed topic. In Czechia, this topic is dealt with by scholars such as Hana Librová, Jan Krajhanzl, Bohuslav Binka or Zdeňka Voštová. The practical part focuses on how students of the Pedagogical Faculty at Charles University approach this phenomenon. By the method of the questionnaire, it was found that they are aware of environmental changes and that the stance of almost half of the respondents regarding the future of the Earth is rather pessimistic. Furthermore, many respondents experience discomfort connected to uncertainty and worries, and one-third of respondents are even inclined to mild anxiety. Despite these aspects, the questionnaire research shows that most students don't adjust their lives to become more environmentally friendly.
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Holocene history of Arctic lakes
Roman, Matěj ; Nývlt, Daniel (advisor) ; Kavan, Jan (referee)
Holocene history of Arctic lakes Abstract Palaeolimnology in the Arctic has achieved a considerable progress in the last decades. The Arctic has changed markedly since the Last Glacial and glacier retreats caused formation of a great number of diverse lake types. Lakes of glacial origin, thermokarst lakes, fluvial lakes and lakes on raised beaches occur most often here. Palaeolimnological methods applied to the high latitude areas are used for the study of the history of individual lakes. Methods of correlation of sedimentary cores and basic interpretation of proxy records such as magnetic susceptibility, diatom biostratigraphy and content of carbon and sulphur were applied on sediments of Garmaksla Lake, Svalbard Archipelago. Climatic and ecological shifts including the Little Ice Age termination and recent warming were registered in proxy values. Keywords: lakes, palaeolimnology, palaeoclimatology, environmental changes, Holocene, Arctic
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Hejnové chování jako odezva na změny prostředí, přehledová studie
JAKŠ, Jiří
The aim of my bachelor thesis was to create a review about effect of some parameters on shoal of fish. In my thesis may be found information about effects of different parameters on shoal of freshwater, marine and aquarium fish species. Review describes several parameters that effect fish in several ways and it is also contains a lot of information about shoal behaviour in general. Review gradually passes from general definition of shoal, creation of shoal, types of shoal, advantages and disadvantiges of shoal, communication and recognizing of fish inside the shoal, to enumeration of parameters that effect fish both positively and negatively. In conclusion may be found possibilities of modeling fish and their behaviour on two model examples. Information come from Czech literature, but also from foreign literature, which makes my thesis more creative and objective. Shoal behaviour is still relatively unexplored topic and many questions still remain unanswered. Exploring and assesing of shoal behaviour is relatively complicated, therefore the answers are only author´s opinions and several experiments results. Although there are speculations about this topic, many authors and experiments have similar opinion. My bachelor thesis may appreciate those, who want to know more about the shoal behaviour. In future it is necessary to realize more research about shoal behaviour and fish modeling because of its use and and less public awareness.
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Holocene history of Arctic lakes
Roman, Matěj ; Nývlt, Daniel (advisor) ; Kavan, Jan (referee)
Holocene history of Arctic lakes Abstract Palaeolimnology in the Arctic has achieved a considerable progress in the last decades. The Arctic has changed markedly since the Last Glacial and glacier retreats caused formation of a great number of diverse lake types. Lakes of glacial origin, thermokarst lakes, fluvial lakes and lakes on raised beaches occur most often here. Palaeolimnological methods applied to the high latitude areas are used for the study of the history of individual lakes. Methods of correlation of sedimentary cores and basic interpretation of proxy records such as magnetic susceptibility, diatom biostratigraphy and content of carbon and sulphur were applied on sediments of Garmaksla Lake, Svalbard Archipelago. Climatic and ecological shifts including the Little Ice Age termination and recent warming were registered in proxy values. Keywords: lakes, palaeolimnology, palaeoclimatology, environmental changes, Holocene, Arctic
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Freshwater macroinvertebrates and their use for assessment of environmental changes in running waters
Kolaříková, Kateřina ; Stuchlík, Evžen (advisor) ; Matěna, Josef (referee) ; Porcal, Petr (referee)
The dissertation thesis consists of five articles, bringing together results from investigations of macroinvertebrates in running waters. The use of freshwater macroinvertebrate organisms to assess environmental changes was based on the following facts: a) the presence/absence of taxa provide information about abiotic factors and/or about the pollution status of the site, b) they are indigenous and sedentary species, so that the environmental implications can be related to the site they live on, c) the organisms accumulate xenobiotic elements or compounds, thus reflecting the contaminant level in the environment. Localization of the sampling sites was related to the "hot-spots" of environmental problems. The particular investigations were carried out in the Elbe River catchment and in the Czech mountains on the selected headwater streams of the GEOMON network of the Czech Geological Survey. The Elbe was considered one of the most polluted rivers across Europe in the second half of the past century until the socio-economic transformation after 1989. The headwater streams in the Czech Republic were chosen with respect to the problem of acidification. The ability of bioaccumulation of xenobiotics in macroinvertebrate organisms was used to assess the long-term load of the Elbe ecosystem with trace...
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